СТВОРЕННЯ РОЗРАХУНКОВОЇ МОДЕЛІ УДАРУ ПТАХА З ТИТАНОВИМИ АБО МЕТАЛ-МАТРИЧНИМИ ЛОПАТКАМИ ВЕНТИЛЯТОРА ТУРБОВЕНТИЛЯТОРНОГО ДВИГУНА
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20998/2078-9130.2026.1.356605Ключові слова:
титанові матричні композити; явна динаміка; гідродинаміка згладжених частинок; газотурбінний двигун; лопатка вентилятора; модель Джонсона-Кука; обчислювальна механіка; конструкційна цілісністьАнотація
Невпинна еволюційна траєкторія сучасної комерційної авіації визначається одночасним прагненням до ефективності та легкості конструкції. Оскільки архітектура газотурбінних двигунів переходить до надвисокого ступеня двоконтурності для мінімізації питомої витрати палива та акустичних шумів, діаметр вентилятора неминуче збільшується, що провокує «спіраль ваги», яка кидає виклик межам питомої міцності традиційних монолітних титанових сплавів. Робота представляє комплексне теоретичне та обчислювальне дослідження конструкційної міцності лопаток з титанового сплаву, а також метал-матричного композиту на основі титанової матриці, зміцненого частинками карбіду кремнію, як кращої альтернативи для лопаток вентиляторів наступного покоління. Вирішуючи критичні вимоги льотної придатності щодо стійкості до зіткнення з птахами, розроблено високоточну чисельну модель, яка поєднує метод гідродинаміки згладжених частинок для птаха-ударника з явним нелінійним лагранжевим аналізом методом скінченних елементів. В роботі представлено вдосконалену стратегію визначального моделювання, яка синтезує в’язкопластичну модель Джонсона-Кука з законами еволюції анізотропного пошкодження, відкаліброваними для квазікрихкої механіки руйнування, характерної у тому числі для композитів, зміцнених дисперсними частинками. Крім того, ця робота безпосередньо інтегрує передові обчислювальні методології, включаючи еквівалентне динамічне навантаження для швидкого параметричного визначення розмірів та алгоритмічну динамічну релаксацію для демпфування паразитних коливань, щоб підвищити точність ініціалізації напружено-деформованого стану в деталях, що обертаються. Результати демонструють, що розрахункова модель підходить для оцінки міцності лопаток вентилятора турбовентиляторного двигуна з метал-матричного композиту на основі титанової матриці.
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